![]() ![]() Selicid, king of Syria, plunders Jerusalem, murdering many. Prophets (second division of Jewish Scriptures) recognized by some as Scripture "Septuagint" translation of Torah into Greek.Ĭoming of Rome to the east Mediterranean. Judaism under Greek Ptolemies & Seleucids. Haman's ten sons executed Purim celebration.īagoas, a Persian, is made governor of Jerusalem.Īlexander the Great conquers the Land of Israel. Torah (Pentateuch = first division of Jewish Scriptures) begins to gain recognition as Scripture.įirst decrees by Haman fast ordered by Esther, Haman's downfall and execution. The notion of a Messiah, a political/military-religious/moral leader, develops. Persian ruler Cyrus the Great conquers Babylonian EmpireĮdict of Cyrus (first return from Exile). ![]() Southern Kingdom (Judah) and First Temple destroyed-Babylonian exileįirst Jews return from Babylon in small numbers to rebuild the city and its walls. Josiah (Judean King) and “Deuteronomic Reforms” Wells and springs leading to the city are stoppedĪssyrian ruler Sennacherib beseiges Jerusalem Hezekiah, King of Jerusalem, with help of God and the prophet Isaiah resists Assyrian attempt to capture Jerusalem ( 2 Chronicles 32). Northern Kingdom (Israel) destroyed by Assyrians 10 tribes exiled (10 lost tribes)Īhaz, King of Judah dismantles Solomon's bronze vessels and places a private Syrian altar in the Temple Athaliah, Ahab and Jezebel's daughter, marries Jehoram, crown prince of JudahĪhaziah, son of Ahab, rules Israel, dies in accident Omri moves capital of Israel from Tirzah to SamariaĪhab, Omri's son, is killed in battle, Jezebel reigns as Queen. Zimri kills Elah, but reigns just seven days before committing suicide, Omri chosen as King of Israel Jeroboam I rules Israel, choses Shechem as his first capital, later moves it to Tirzah Secession of Northern Kingdom (Israel) from Southern Kingdom (Judah) Solomon builds the First Temple on Mount Moriah They called it Philistia (from which the modern name Palestine is derived), and made it one of their civilization's most important cities.ĭavid conquers the Jebusites and makes Jerusalem his capital ![]() Sea Peoples invade Egypt and Syro-Palestine Jacob and his family join Joseph in EgyptĮgyptian enslavement of the Hebrews beginsĮxodus from Egypt, Sinai Torah, Canaan EntryĪfter setting up the Ark at Shiloh near Shechem ( Nablus), Joshua launches foray into Jerusalem ( Joshua 10:23, 15:63) ![]() Isaac born Abraham circumcises himself Sodom & Gomorrah destroyed Origin of traditions of the "Abrahamic covenant" Other archaeological matter includes waste from occupation, such as dung and mineralized coprolites from domestic animals, human waste, food, and hearth remains.Abraham & Sarah, Isaac & Ishmael, famine forces Israelites to migrate to Egypt Archaeological materials include natural mineral and organic materials that have been used in their raw state or as little transformed material, as well as fully manufactured products. In fact, although bulk and microfossil studies can provide useful supporting information, often the data from these techniques can only really be properly understood when soil micromorphology is available. Soil micromorphology, using optical microscopy and associated techniques, is one of the best methods for characterizing and identifying archaeological materials, especially when they occur as microscopic fragments at archaeological sites. It deals with the use of soil micromorphology for examining archaeological materials, in order to understand their formation and the manner in which they enter the archaeological record. This chapter discusses the archaeological materials. ![]()
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